What Is API Testing?

What APIs are, how API testing works, why QA teams prioritize it, and how to build verified credentials in it.

API testing is one of the most in-demand skills in software testing right now. If you have looked at QA job postings in any sector, you have seen it listed as a requirement or preferred skill. This page explains what it is, why it matters, and how to build verified credentials in it. For a broader look at the field, see our guide on what software testing is.

What Is an API?

An API, or Application Programming Interface, is the connection layer that allows different software systems to communicate with each other. When a weather app shows you the forecast, it uses an API to request that data. When you log into a site with your Google account, that authentication uses an API.

The ISTQB glossary defines an API as "a type of interface that defines the way one program may communicate with another." Modern software applications are built on APIs. A single app might interact with dozens. Each connection point is a potential failure point.

What Is API Testing?

API testing is the process of verifying that an API works correctly, returns the right data, handles errors properly, and performs within acceptable parameters. Unlike UI testing, which tests what a user sees and touches, API testing operates at the service layer. The tester sends requests directly to the API and evaluates responses without going through the front end.

API tests run faster than UI tests. They are less likely to break when a visual design changes. They catch defects at the service level before those defects ever surface in the user interface.

What Does API Testing Involve?

A tester sending requests to an API and verifying responses will check:

  • That valid inputs return the expected data in the correct format
  • That invalid inputs return appropriate error messages rather than crashes
  • That missing parameters are handled gracefully without system failures
  • That the API responds within acceptable time thresholds under normal load
  • That security permissions are correctly enforced and unauthorized requests are rejected
  • That the API handles high request volumes without degrading in quality or speed

API testing covers both functional concerns (does the API do what it should?) and non-functional concerns (how fast, how secure, how resilient under load?). Both are covered by the ISTQB Foundation Level syllabus, and non-functional specialist areas including performance testing and security testing have their own ISTQB certifications.

Why API Testing Matters More Than It Used To

The global software testing and QA services market was valued at approximately $50.6 billion in 2025 and is projected to reach $107.2 billion by 2032. Source: Coherent Market Insights. A significant portion of that growth is driven by API-first development, microservices architecture, and cloud-native applications, all of which multiply the number of API connections in a system, and more connections mean more API testing.

$2.32B → $10.59B
API testing market value growing from 2024 to 2032 at a 20.9% CAGR
Source: SNS Insider via GlobeNewswire, August 2025
95%
of organizations experienced production API security issues in 2024
Source: Salt Labs State of API Security Report 2024
35M+
developers use Postman across 500,000+ organizations worldwide
Source: Postman State of the API 2024
20.9%
compound annual growth rate forecast for the API testing market through 2032
Source: SNS Insider via GlobeNewswire, August 2025

A tester who only knows how to test user interfaces is working with an incomplete picture of how modern software fails. Software testers who build API testing skills are better positioned for the roles the market is growing toward.

Salt Labs' 2024 research found that 95% of organizations experienced production API security issues, and 23% suffered actual breaches through those vulnerabilities. API testing is no longer a specialist-only skill. It is a core expectation in QA roles across every sector that runs software. Employers listing ISTQB in job postings increasingly list API testing alongside it.

Common API Testing Tools

Postman
The most widely used API testing and development platform. Provides a graphical interface for sending requests and evaluating responses, accessible to testers without deep programming backgrounds. Over 35 million users across 500,000 organizations.
REST Assured
A Java library for testing REST APIs programmatically. Commonly used by automation engineers building API tests into a CI/CD pipeline alongside application code.
Newman
Runs Postman collections from the command line. Useful for integrating Postman API tests into automated pipelines without opening the Postman GUI.
SoapUI / ReadyAPI
Supports testing both REST and SOAP APIs. SmartBear's ReadyAPI is the commercial version, widely used in enterprise QA environments requiring functional and security API testing.

Tool knowledge matters. Understanding the principles of what good API testing looks like matters more. The ISTQB Foundation Level syllabus covers the underlying concepts that apply regardless of which tool a team uses. There is no dedicated ISTQB API Testing certification, so the closest ISTQB fit is often Technical Test Analyst or Test Automation Engineer. If your work overlaps with broader automation coverage, read What Is Test Automation?.

How to Build Verified API Testing Credentials

AT*SQA offers a series of API testing micro-credentials that each result in a verifiable, shareable credential. They can be taken individually or combined as the AT*SQA API Testing Certification.

Each ISTQB exam purchase through AT*SQA includes a free micro-credential of your choice. API testing is one of the available options. If you are planning to sit the ISTQB Foundation Level exam, you can add an API testing credential at no extra cost. If you want another practical take on why that matters, TestingCred has a useful piece on why testers should earn an API Testing micro-credential. If you are still choosing your path, use Which ISTQB Certification Should I Take?. If your API work leans more technical or performance-heavy, compare Technical Test Analyst and Performance Testing. See everything included with AT*SQA exam purchase.

For context on how API testing fits the broader job market, see How to Become a Software Tester, how ISTQB certification helps on your resume, and whether ISTQB is worth it.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • What is API testing in software testing?
    API testing is the process of verifying that an application programming interface works correctly. Testers send requests to the API directly and check that responses are correct, errors are handled properly, and performance meets requirements without interacting with the UI. The ISTQB glossary defines an API as a type of interface that defines how one program communicates with another.
  • Why is API testing important?
    Modern software is built on APIs. Testing at the API layer catches defects earlier and faster than UI testing, is more stable as applications change, and covers failures that UI tests cannot see. Salt Labs' 2024 research found that 95% of organizations experienced production API security issues, underlining how high the stakes are when APIs are not properly tested.
  • What is the difference between API testing and UI testing?
    UI testing interacts with the visible interface of an application the way a user would. API testing interacts directly with the service layer underneath the UI. API tests are faster, less brittle, and can be run earlier in the development process. Both are covered in the ISTQB Foundation Level syllabus. If you want the broader testing picture first, read What Is Software Testing?
  • What tools are used for API testing?
    Postman is the most widely used tool, with over 35 million users worldwide across 500,000 organizations. REST Assured, Newman, and SoapUI are also common. The right tool depends on the API type and the team's technical stack. AT*SQA's API Testing: Environments and Tools micro-credential covers the landscape in depth.
  • How do I get an API testing certification?
    AT*SQA offers a three-part API Testing micro-credential series. Each ISTQB exam purchase through AT*SQA includes a free micro-credential, and API testing is one of the available choices. All three parts can be combined into the full AT*SQA API Testing Certification. If you want the exam-purchase steps, read How To Book Your ISTQB Exam.

Get a Verified API Testing Credential

Every ISTQB exam purchase through AT*SQA includes a free micro-credential. API testing is one of the available options. Register for ISTQB and add API testing credentials at no extra cost.